DSpace Collection:
https://repository.iimb.ac.in/handle/2074/7545
2024-03-29T15:51:18ZGender issues in the Indian bureaucracy: a case study of the women in the lAS
https://repository.iimb.ac.in/handle/123456789/9066
Title: Gender issues in the Indian bureaucracy: a case study of the women in the lAS
Authors: Trivedi, Gauri S.
Abstract: In India, the bureaucracy has an important role to play in generating policy options. It is one of helping the political leadership in policy formulation, essentially to focus on areas of social development and education. Unfortunately in the pecking order of glamour and choice for the Indian bureaucrats especially the lAS it is ministries like commerce, economic affairs etc. which provide for foreign posting and foreign assignments that are rated high. Next to come are regulatory postings like Home and Defence. The social sector is not given the priority it deserves. It has been pointed out that those areas like rural development, education, health etc., which have a maximum bearing on public welfare, are the ones, which are the least popular in the bureaucracy. The purpose of the research was to study women in the premier level of the bureaucracy, how and why they join the lAS, and whether they have problems gaining equal opportunity. It is seen in this study that there has been no quantitative increase in the number of women inducted in the lAS from 1947 to the present. Indeed for some years the numbers have actually fallen and most people attribute it tothe fact that in spite of India's overall development wherein women may now enjoy certain rights they still suffer extreme discrimination. The study identified ten cases of women at various levels and took them through the various stages of their professional lives to understand whether women join the service for the same reason that their male counterparts do and once they are in whether they have equal opportunity to develop their skills and capacities and consequently offer government bodies and organizations their managerial, professional and technical talent; whether they are given equality in access, and to voice so that their ability to influence and contribute to the development process is facilitated to the extent that their male colleagues are given access. The underlying question was, what is the career growth of women once they join the lAS?. Besides the autobiography of the ten women in the lAS, to see whether there is a gender bias, this research interviewed 25 women and 15 men who were all involved with the women in their official capacity, that is, either superiors of women officers, their immediate subordinates or their colleagues in the same department /organization. It is seen from the study of women across the various batches that whether they are in their early, middle or senior years they have all indicated that women face a gender bias in the conditions of service. While rules in the civil service are supposed to be gender neutral, they are actually made with a male-headed family and a single breadwinner model in mind. Women have also indicated that there is a gender stereo typing of posts. Equal opportunities would imply that men and women have equal access to all the positions within a service but in practice the bureaucracy tends to reproduce some of the biases of the society at large. Women are given the social sector sometimes called the 'soft' sector or the 'welfare' posts because there is a perception that some posts are more suitable for men and some are more suitable for women. In looking at the issue of sexual harassment, this study looked at whether this prevailed in the lAS which is the highest most respectable service in the country and whether this was the cause of stress and concern for women. The study seems to suggest that both men and women think there is a problem but the problem is not one of physical violence, rather it is more subtle, usually a woman is the butt of a joke, a lewd remark or a statement of intent in the lAS. However, this study also found that there recognition of meritous and committed officers irrespective of their gender. Both men and women respondents admit that their services have been recognized that they have been allowed to further enhance their capacities, use their skills and have received rewards and this is not a gender specific issue.2005-01-01T00:00:00ZPerformance appraisal of officers in government: a case study of the Indian railways
https://repository.iimb.ac.in/handle/123456789/9068
Title: Performance appraisal of officers in government: a case study of the Indian railways
Authors: Sethuraman, Kalyani
Abstract: Performance appraisal is vital to the health of any organization. Various details of human resource development activities like manpower planning, selection and recruitment, training and deployment, compensation and career development all revolve around performance appraisal. Therefore if it were not accorded due significance the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization would suffer. The importance of performance appraisal in government in general and the railways in specific cannot be overemphasized. The role of the government is swiftly and surely changing from 'prime entrepreneur' to 'an enabler and regulator' of private entrepreneurship. The Railways have lost their monopoly hold over transportation services and are facing increasing competition by the day! Today is not like yesterday and tomorrow will not be like today! It is in this context that performance appraisal of railway officers who have now to compete with private entrepreneurs assumes new significance. Given the rapidly evolving challenges of public management and service provision facing the railways, the objectives of performance appraisal need to be widened in order to respond to the present day needs of governance. There is therefore an urgent need for a paradigm shift in the very philosophy of appraisal. This thesis attempts to review the present system of appraisal through the annual Confidential Report. It seeks to examine the functions of the ACR system as a tool for -work planning, training and placement, reward and recognition, feedback and counselling and strengthening governance. This is sought to be done by framing issues for validation through a series of in depth interviews with railway officers at different levels. The thesis also attempts to secure a variance m perception based on organizational climate, department, seniority, gender and potential to rise in service. On the basis of the survey made the paper brings out the perceived weaknesses in the system and the need to address the same through a combination of illustrative case studies and simple statistics. Thereafter, an attempt is made to make policy recommendations for changes in the system, the idea being to transform the system of ACR from a negative tool to a positive one for human resource development. In this process a proposal for redesigning of the appraisal format is also made.2005-01-01T00:00:00ZPrivate non financial corporate sector of the Indian economy in the frameworkof system of national accounts
https://repository.iimb.ac.in/handle/123456789/9067
Title: Private non financial corporate sector of the Indian economy in the frameworkof system of national accounts
Authors: Joshi, Kaushal
Abstract: Liberalisation measures have far-reaching implications for the growth and behaviour of private corporate sector. Although there are several studies on performance of certain specific industries or certain groups of industries, studies on various aspects of the corporate sector as a whole are limited. Studies on the private corporate sector in the framework of System of National Accounts (SNA) have been rather rare. Questions on the overall size of the corporate sector in terms of output or value added and questions on low rates of savings and borrowings have not been satisfactorily answered, which are essential in shaping the government fiscal and economic policies. The current study of the private non-financial corporate sector (PNFCS) for the years 2000-01, 2001-02 and2002-03 presents a broad picture of the PNFCS in this perspective. The PNFCS have been studied through a sample of more than 4500 companies, with respect to the national accounting aggregates viz., value added, savings and fixed capital formation. Sequence of accounts presented in the framework of 1993 SNA help to study the flow of different activities of production, generation, distribution and redistribution of incomes generated. The study reveals that the share of private non-financial corporate sector in the gross domestic product at current prices has gone up from 15.7 percent in 2000-01 to nearly20.0 percent in 2002-03. The gross value added at current prices grew at an impressive19.0 percent in 2001-02 and 24.6 percent in 2002-03, which is much higher than the All India growth rate of 9.9 and 7.6 percent during the same period. The manufacturing sector contributes to nearly 65 percent and services 26 percent of the total GV A of this sector. The study also reveals that the rates of savings of the sector have been low at around 23 and are not enough even to finance the gross fixed capital formation. The study suffers from certain limitations of assumptions and data constraints. Inspite of these limitations the current study gives an economically meaningful picture of the nonfinancial private corporate sector of the Indian economy in the national accounts perspective for the years covered in the study.2005-01-01T00:00:00ZCitizen orientation in delivering government primary health services in rural Maharashtra
https://repository.iimb.ac.in/handle/123456789/9065
Title: Citizen orientation in delivering government primary health services in rural Maharashtra
Authors: Deshpande, Shrikant Marutrao
Abstract: The government plays an important role in providing reliable and good quality primary health care especially to the poorer and weaker sections of the population. Any effort to improve the quality must take into account the perceptions of citizens as the perceived quality has a strong impact on utilisation of health care. Three districts in Maharashtra covering 20 villages were studied. The perceived quality of health care was measured using SERVQUAL instrument. SERVQUAL instrument was further integrated with Kano's model and Importance - Satisfaction model to identify areas for improvement. The study has found that people are highly dissatisfied with lack of accessible distance of primary health centres, availability of medicines and cleanliness. Further, perceptions of health officials were significantly different from those of the people on many attributes. Improving the quality of health care needs additional financial resources. Con joint analysis was carried out to find out the preferences of the people on agency and their willingness to pay for improved services. One of the important findings of the study is that the people have strong a preference for improved services and they have indicated willingness to pay for improved health care. Analysis has also shown that the primary health centre is the preferred agency to private clinic even at higher user charges as compared to private clinic. People belonging to the low-income group have shown limited willingness to pay whereas the high-income group has shown significantly high willingness to pay. One of the initiatives of cost recovery in a district of Madhya Pradesh,Rogi Kalyan Samiti, was studied. The study has shown that citizens perceive noticeable improvement in health care services out of fee revenue and have shown willingness to pay for further improved services indicating receptive attitude towards user charge. A user charge with perceptible improvements in quality is critical for user charge policy to succeed. Price discrimination giving protection to the poor by charging them at low rates would be the appropriate strategy.2005-01-01T00:00:00Z